INGREDIENTS WE USE IN OUR YOGESENCE PRODUCTS: LIST & GLOSSARY: A-R (Alphabetical)

1. Active ingredients
2. SD Alcohol (Denatured Alcohol
3. Aloe Vera Extract 
4. Alpha Hydroxy Acid
5. Alpha Lipoic Acid
6. Anti-Oxidants
7. Avocado Oil
8. Beeswax Organic
9. Bergamot Tea
10. Bilberry Extract
11. Calendula 
12. Carboner
13. Cetyl Dimethicone 
14. Chamomile
15. CoQ10
16. COCAMIDE MIPA
17. Copolyol Dimethicone
18. Cu Complex
19. Cyclomethicone
20. Dimethicone
21. DMDM 
22. DMAE 
23. Essential Oils
24. Ethylhexl Glycerin
25. Glycolic Acid
26. Grape Seed Oil
27. Green Tea
28. Homo Polymer
29. Hyaluronic acid 
30. Hydrogenated Castor Oil 
31. Iron Oxide (Caramel)
32. Isocllcylsuccinyl
33. Isopropyl Palmitate 
34. Jojoba Oil Organic
35. Juniper
36. Lactic Acid
37. L. Carnitine
38. Laureth 7
39. Microcrystalline Wax
40. Neroli (Orange Flower)
41. Octinoxate 7.5%
42. Octyl Methoxycinnamate
43. Oxybenzone 3%  
44. Octyl Stearate 
45. Oil of Kumquat 
46. Olive Oil
47. Olive Oil Castile
48. Oxido Reductasis
49. Palimtoyl Olgapeptide
50. Peppermint Oil
51. Perfluorodecalin
52. Polyethylene Homo Polymers
53. Retinol
54. Rice Bran Extract
55. Rice Peptides
56. Rosemary Extract 
57. Rose Hip Seed Oil

A-R
INGREDIENTS WE USE IN YOGESSENCE SKIN CARE- EXPLAINED:

The carefully selected ingredients in Skin Care products can help your skin look its very best. Whether you are concerned with wrinkles, fine lines, aging, sun damage or acne, YogEssence Natural Skin Care is fomulated with advanced breakthrough ingredients for revitaliziing your skin!  Every product has been thoroughly evaluted, clinically tested by estheticians in our labs for effectiveness.

1. ACTIVE INGREDIENTS:
Retinol and retinyl palmitate are among the most widely used active ingredients in skin care products. Unfortunately, there is much confusion about how they work.
Both retinol and retinyl palmitate are forms of vitamin A (along with yet another form retinaldehyde). As opposed to many other vitamins, vitamin A does not have much of a direct biological effect. It works via its active metabolite (biochemical derivative) called retinoic acid. Only retinoic acid and its analogs collectively called retinoids have direct effect on skin cells and can adjust their physiology toward a more youthful state. In fact, retinoic acid a.k.a. tretinoin is the active ingredient in Retin A  some of the best-known anti-wrinkle creams (see our article on tretinoin). However, topical retinoic acid often causes skin irritation and other side effects, which limit its use, especially in sensitive individuals.
The good news is that skin cells have the "equipment" (specialized enzymes) converting various forms of vitamin A into retinoic acid. Indeed, if sufficient amounts of retinol, retinyl palmitate or retinaldehyde are added to the culture of skin cells, the amount of retinoic acid in the cells increases. Therefore, at least in theory, topical vitamin A may deliver at least some of the well-established skin benefits of retinoic acid while producing fewer side effects.

Active ingredients (topical or otherwise) are simply the ones that deliver some sort of pharmacological effect to skin. When related to skin care preparations in the US, the FDA approves active ingredients based on research and clinical studies. Cosmetic manufacturers must adhere to the FDA's regulations regarding them
Demand for cosmetic and toiletry chemicals is to increase 5 per cent a year to $6.8 billion in 2008, reports a new US study. Advances will be driven by the growing use of active ingredients designed to enhance appearance and counter the effects of aging.
Cosmetic & Toiletry Chemicals - a new study published by the Freedonia Group this month - claims that the incorporation of active ingredients, such as plant acids and enzymes, into toiletries and cosmetics has become one of the most compelling factors driving growth in the otherwise mature US market.
Growth in demand for active ingredients is projected to approach 10 per cent annually through 2008, propelled by strong demand in cosmeceutical skin care products and high value additives such as nanoscale ingredients.
The emergence of products created as a result of nanotechnology is expected to have a substantial effect on the cosmetic and toiletry industry. Plant-derived ingredients and specialty additives providing protection from sun, wind, smoke, heat, pollution and other threats to healthy skin and hair, are thought to cause growth in consumer demand.
Among the first nanoscale ingredients to establish a market presence are polymers used as delivery systems for vitamins and other actives, and inorganic pigments used in sunscreens.
Organic ingredients are expected to remain an important component of the cosmetic and toiletry chemical market, both in product formulation and reformulation, and in terms of marketing impetus that is so critical to manufacturers looking to retain or expand their respective shares of the market.
Smaller volume botanical extracts are expected to offer the fastest growth opportunities, approaching or exceeding double -digits annually. However, the high cost of many botanical extracts and issues of quality control and standardization will restrain further gains.

2.  SD ALCOHOL 40: (Specially Denatured Alcohol)
In cosmetic labeling, the term "alcohol," used by itself, refers to ethyl alcohol. Cosmetic products, including those labeled "alcohol free," may contain other alcohols, such as cetyl, stearyl, cetearyl, or lanolin alcohol. These are known as fatty alcohols, and their effects on the skin are quite different from those of ethyl alcohol. Isopropyl alcohol, which some consumers may think of as drying the skin, is rarely used in cosmetics. To prevent the ethyl alcohol in a cosmetic from being diverted illegally for use as an alcoholic beverage, it may be "denatured." This means that it contains an added "denaturant" that makes it undrinkable. Denatured ethyl alcohol may appear in the ingredient listing under several different names. You may see the abbreviation SD Alcohol (which stands for "specially denatured alcohol"), followed by a number or a number-letter combination that indicates how the alcohol was denatured, according to the formulary of the United States Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms (BATF). Among the specially denatured alcohols acceptable for use in various cosmetics are SD Alcohol 23-A, SD Alcohol 40, and SD Alcohol 40-B.

3. ALOE BARBADENSIS (ORGANIC ALOE) LEAF JUICE: Aloe Vera Gel: Included in: YogEssence Tinted SunBlock.
Aloe Vera helps dry skin, effective for burn and wound healing, and may have antifungal and antibiotic properties. It  has been used externally to treat various skin conditions such as cuts, burns and eczema. It is believed that sap from Aloe Vera reduces inflammation. Scientific studies show that Aloe is also effective in treating dandruff. The lower leaf of the plant is used for medicinal purposes. The lower leaf is sliced open to obtain Aloe Vera gel. Aloe Vera's beneficial properties are attributed to mucopolysaccharides present in the inner gel of the leaf.

4. ALPHA HYDROXY ACIDS (AHA'S) are a group of compounds derived from food and fruit including glycolic (from sugar cane,) lactic (from sour milk,) malic (from apples,) citric (from fruits) and tartaric acid (from grape wine.)  For any topical compound, including AHA, it must penetrate into the skin where it can act on living cells. Small molecular size is one characteristic that is important in determining compound's ability to penetrate the top layer of the skin. In that respect, glycolic acid (the smallest AHA) is a clear winner and accounts for the popularity of this product in both cosmetic as well as medical preparations. In low concentrations, 5 - 10% as is found in many over the counter products, GA reduces cell adhesion in the top layer of the skin. This action promotes exfoliation of the outermost layer of the skin accounting for smoother texture following regular use of topical GA. This relatively low concentration of GA lends itself to daily use as a monotherapy or a part of a broader skin care management for such conditions as acne, photo-damage, wrinkling as well as melasma. Care needs to be taken to avoid irritation as this may result in worsening of melasma or other pigmentary problems. Newer formulations combine GA with an amino acid such as arginine and form a time-release system that reduces the risk of irritation without affecting GA efficacy. The use of an anti-irritant like allantoin is also helpful. Because of its safety, GA at the concentrations below 10% can be used daily by most people except those with very sensitive skin.

5. ALPHA LIPOIC ACID: (ALA) Included in: Yogessence all-in-one cream
For Age-Related Conditions, Other names: lipoic acid, thioctic acid, ALA.
Alpha lipoic acid is a fatty acid found naturally inside every cell in the body. It's needed by the body to produce the energy for our body's normal functions and converts glucose (blood sugar) into energy. It is also an antioxidant, a substance that neutralizes potentially harmful chemicals called free radicals. Free radical damage is thought to contribute to aging and chronic illness What makes alpha lipoic acid unique is that it functions in water and fat, unlike the more common antioxidants vitamins C and E, and it appears to be able to recycle antioxidants such as vitamin C and glutathione after they have been used up. Glutathione is an important antioxidant that helps the body eliminate potentially harmful substances. Alpha lipoic acid increases the formation of glutathione.
Alpha lipoic acid is made by the body and can be found in very small amounts in foods such as spinach, broccoli, peas, Brewer's yeast, brussel sprouts, rice bran, and organ meats. Alpha lipoic acid supplements are available in capsule form at health food stores.  For maximum absorption, the supplements should be taken on an empty stomach.  Alpha lipoic acid has also been suggested for cataracts, glaucoma, multiple sclerosis, burning mouth syndrome, Alzheimer's disease and stroke, but large, well-designed studies are needed to see if it's effective for these conditions.

6. ANTI OXIDANTS
Antioxidants are substances that neutralize potentially harmful chemicals called free radicals. Antioxidants scavenge free radicals -- damaging compounds in the body that alter cells, tamper with DNA (genetic material), and even cause cell death. Free radicals occur naturally in the body, but environmental toxins (including ultraviolet rays from the sun, radiation, cigarette smoke, and air pollution) also give rise to these damaging particles. Scientists believe that free radicals contribute to the aging process as well as the development of a number of health problems including cancer and heart disease. Examples of anti-oxidants: Green Tea, Grape Seed Oil

7. AVOCADO OIL:  Included in: YogEssence All-in-One Cream
Although it is classed as a vegetable oil, the avocado is really a fruit since it has a stone - but none-the-less it yields a rich and extremely deep penetrating oil, rich in vitamins A, D and E, lecithin, as well as potassium - known as the youth mineral.
It furthermore contains proteins, lecithin, beta-carotene and more than twenty percent essential unsaturated fatty acids. The fatty acids contained are palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic

Benefits of avocado oil to the skin:
It is also high in sterolins, which are reputed to reduce age spots, help heal sun damage and scars. It is the sterolins (also called plant steroids) in the oil that helps to soften the skin and imparts a superior moisturizing effect.
For this reason it is an ideal ingredient to include when formulating for people with dehydrated, sun or climate damaged skin, as it is an extremely good moisturizing and nourishing compound, assisting in the regeneration and rejuvenation of the skin.
In a study done at the Department of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv, it was found that avocado oil significantly increases the amount of collagen in the skin - which normally is under attack and decreases as we grow older.
Avocado oil is easily absorbed into deep tissue, and with its wonderfully emollient properties, makes it ideal for mature skins. It also helps to relieve the dryness and itching of psoriasis and eczema.
It is often used for dry or mature skins, or people suffering from eczema or psoriasis, and is very useful when treating sun or climate damaged skin that is dehydrated and undernourished, as it is said to help with regenerating the skin and softening the tissue.

8. BEESWAX ORGANIC
Beeswax is a wax secreted by honey bees. Euphorbia Cerifera (Candelilla) Wax, also called Candelilla Wax, is obtained from the plant Euphorbia cerifera, which is a plant that grows in North Central Mexico and the Texas Big Bend area. Copernicia Cerifera (Carnauba) Wax, also called Carnauba Wax, is obtained from the leaves of the Brazilian tropical palm tree, Copernicia cerifera, and Rhus Succedanea Fruit Wax, also called Japan Wax, is obtained from the berries of the sumac Rhus succedanea, which grows in Japan andChina.
In cosmetics and personal care products, Beeswax and the plant waxes are used in the formulation a wide range of products including baby products, bath products, lipstick, makeup, fragrances, coloring and noncoloring hair products, nail and skin care products, personal cleanliness products, shaving products as well as suncreen and suntan products.

9. BERGAMOT TEA: Included in: YogEssence All-In-One Cream
It has been sought after through the ages for its essential oil. It is very essential in promoting the body's ability to inner heal

10. BILBERRY EXTRACT: VACCINUM MYRTILLUS

Bilberry is a perennial plant that comes from Europe, Western Asia and the Rocky Mountains in North America. It is a shrubby plant that bears edible fruit which are similar to American blueberries. It is also related to the cranberry family of fruits. Also known as huckleberry, European bilberry, whortleberry and hurtleberry.
Bilberry is a small shrub whose berries and leaves are used in herbal remedies. It has anti-inflammatory, astringent, antiseptic and antioxidant properties and in skin care has been used for complaints such as scurvy, wounds, sores and ulcers.
Bilberries are also used in eye care products as an astringent and as an anti-inflammatory for sore throats in mouthwashes and gargles. Herbalists in Europe have been using bilberry extract for many years to treat various complaints such as urinary tract infections, kidneys stones, and diarrhoea. Bilberries are also known to be powerful antioxidants and can be used for protecting the cells in the eyes and other parts of the body from free radicals and toxins. Bilberry supplements are fast becoming increasingly popular in today's medicine culture especially for the treatment of vision disorders including cataracts and poor night vision The dried leaves can be made into an infusion, while a decoction can be made from the bark. It is also sold in powdered form.

11. CALENDULA is pot marigold, is a genus of about 12-20 species of annual or perennial herbaceous plants in the daisy family Asteraceae, native to the area from Macaronesia east through the Mediterranean region to Iran. Calendula should not be confused with other plants that are also known as marigolds, such as plants of the genus Tagetes, corn marigolds or marsh marigolds.
The name Calendula stems from the Latin kalendae, meaning first day of the month, presumably because pot marigolds are in bloom at the start of most months of the year. The common name marigold probably refers to the Virgin Mary, or its old Saxon name 'ymbglidegold', which means 'it turns with the sun'. Marigolds typically bloom quickly (in under two months) in bright yellows, reds, and oranges throughout the summer and well into the fall.
Plant pharmacological studies have suggested that Calendula extracts have anti-viral, anti-genotoxic and anti-inflammatory properties. Calendula in suspension or in tincture is used topically to treat acne, reducing inflammation, controlling bleeding and soothing irritated tissue. There is "limited evidence" that calendula cream or ointment is effective in treating radiation dermatitis.

 12. CARBONER:  A white powder used as a thickening and emulsifying ingredient in creams.
Carbomer is also a generic name for synthetic polymers of acrylic acid used as emulsion stabilizers or thickening agents in pharmaceuticals and cosmetic products. They may be homopolymers of acrylic acid, crosslinked with an allyl ether pentaerythritol, allyl ether of sucrose, or allyl ether of propylene.

13. CETYL DIMETHICONE: Dimethicone and related ingredients are used in the formulation of a wide range of cosmetic and personal care products including cosmetic creams and lotions, bath soaps, shampoo and hair care products. The most widely used ingredient in this group is Dimethicone.
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) reviewed the safety of Dimethicone and approved its use as a skin protectant active ingredient in over-the-counter (OTC) drug products.

14. CHAMOMILE Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract (Chamomile). Included in YogEssence All-in-One Cream
One of the most widely used skin care botanicals has emollient, tonic, antioxidant and  anti-inflammatory properties; contains azulene which helps to reduce puffiness and cleanse pores of impurities.
Chamomile, a flower in the daisy family, and one of the oldest of all herbs, dating back to ancient Egyptians. It's both a pretty flower and an ancient healer. This versatile herb is also recognized as a natural healing treatment that helps rejuvenate the skin.
Making paste with extra-strong brew and using it as an external wash or part of a hot compress can help soothe burns, skin rashes, and sores and is a soothing when brewed as a tea. 

15. CO-ENZYME Q10: Included in YogEssence All-in-One Cream
Coenzyme Q-10, or CoQ10, is one of the holistic elements suggested to be valuable in reducing cholesterol and heart disease. It already exists in the human body - producing energy in the mitochondria, as well as enabling the body to run smoothly. CoQ10 is also known for being a potent antioxidant that may assist the body in fighting free radicals, which may significantly damage the body on a cellular level, increase the risk of heart disease and cancer, as well as accelerate the aging process.

16. COCAMIDE MEA: Emulsifying agent made from coconut oil.  Cocamide MEA is derived from the fatty acids from coconut oil and monoethanolamine (MEA). In cosmetics and personal care products, Cocamide MEA is used in the formulation of bath soaps and shampoo.
Cocamide MEA (or Cocamide Monoethanolamine) is a pale yellow viscous clear to amber liquid, or solid flakes. It is made from fatty acids found in coconut oil, reacted with monoethanolamine. Cocamide MEA is a mixture of ethanolamines of fatty acids derived from coconut oil and may also contain small amounts of Cocamide Diethanolamine (Cocamide DEA).
Cocamide MEA increases foaming capacity and/or stabilizes foam. Cocamide MEA is also used to thicken the aqueous (water) portion of cosmetic and personal care products.

17. COPOLYOL DIMETHICONE
Dimethicone Copolyols is a skin conditioning agent and surfactant and belong to a class of chemicals referred to as the silicones. Silicones are resistant to chemical, physical, biological and microbiological degradation within the realm of preparation, storage, and use in cosmetics and personal care products.
Dimethicone Copolyol is a polymer of dimethylsiloxane with polyoxyethylene and/or polyoxypropylene side chains. The numbers indicate the average number of moles of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide.

In cosmetics and personal care products, Dimethicone Copolyols function primarily as surfactants - emulsifying agents. They are also used to improve wetting characteristics of skin lotions, shave formulations, aerosol shave creams, and shampoos

18. COPPER COMPLEX (Cu Complex)  Included in YogEssence All-in-One Cream
As we age, our bodies become slower to produce collagen, elastin, and glycosaminoglycans (GAG's - the cement that bonds tissue components together). Scientific studies have demonstrated that copper plays a vital role in skin health; copper is a powerful collagen and elastin promoter and plays an antioxidative role in the body, it is important in the production of GAG's, and copper-dependant enzymes increase the benefits of natural tissue building processes.
This means that skin will firm, smooth, and soften - and studies have shown that it does it in less time than most other anti-aging therapies.
Glycyl-histidyl-lysine-Cu2+ (GHK-Cu) is a tripeptide-copper complex known to be a potent wound healing agent is not only an activator of connective tissue production but also of the remodeling of the extracellular matrix. It is able to modulate MMP expression by acting directly on wound fibroblasts.

19. CYCLOMETHICONE Emollient, moisturizer and viscosity adjuster. It is also an  Emollient skin conditioning agent derived from silica. Water repellent, skin-adherent and stable over a wide range of temperatures
Cyclomethicones are volatile, low-viscosity silicone fluids that act as cosmetic solvents. They are particularly suited for use with other silicones and as delivery vehicles for a variety of active ingredients.

20. DIMETHICONE - the Silicone (from Silica) Foundation for Skin Care. Dimethicone and related ingredients are used in the formulation of a wide range of cosmetic and personal care products including cosmetic creams and lotions, bath soaps, shampoo and hair care products. The most widely used ingredient in this group is Dimethicone.
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) reviewed the safety of Dimethicone and approved its use as a skin protectant active ingredient in over-the-counter (OTC) drug products
Silicones have a long history of use in skin care products, beginning in the 1950s. The first applications involved basic silicone fluids (INCI: Dimethicone). These linear polymers are liquid over a wide range of molecular weights. Dimethicones remain important for their emollient properties and their ability to improve the skin feel of many types of skin care formulations.

21. DMDM HYDANTOIN is a preservative that works by releasing formaldehyde into the product. Uses : DMDM Hydantoin is used in shampoos and cosmetics to prevent molds, mildews, and bacterial spoilage

22. DMAE: Included in YogEssence All-in-One Cream

Topical DMAE has often been called, mostly by skin care ads and lay media, "the facelift in a jar."Can it help, or is it just another rub-on facelift scam? The reality is somewhere in between. DMAE won't accomplish anything approaching a well-performed surgical face lift, but it is not useless either. In fact, DMAE may be the first agent proven in a study to have at least some positive effect on facial sag.

DMAE is a short for dimethylaminoethanol, a naturally occurring substance that facilitates the synthesis of a neurotransmitter acetylcholine. DMAE also may stimulate the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine, an important component of cell membranes. In a number of studies, DMAE has been shown to reduce age-related decline in cognitive ability and memory. It was also found to modestly increase life span of laboratory animals. An intriguing finding in some DMAE studies was that it reduced the accumulation of lipofuscin deposits inside cells. Lipofuscin is a cellular pigment consisting of aggregated chunks of molecular waste. It tends to occur in the cells of older people. It is likely that lipofuscin is not simply a byproduct of aging but also contributes to the aging process. Neurons, heart and skin of older people usually contain particularly large amounts of lipofiscin.
It has been demonstrated that DMAE causes some degree of skin tightening. However, despite speculation it remains unclear how DMAE firms the skin -- whether by stabilizing the membranes, boosting acetylcholine, reducing lipofuscin deposits or none of the above. Whatever the mechanism, the effect of DMAE is often noticeable although seldom dramatic. Besides, even though DMAE can't fully reverse the existing facial sag, it may reduce its further progression. Some people report a cumulative effect with continued use of DMAE.
Another issue is whether topical DMAE is safe. On one hand, it has been extensively used in skin care since the 90s without widespread reports of obvious skin damage. This makes major toxicity of commonly used strengths unlikely. However, this does not rule out a possibility of low-level skin damage. A 2007 study published in the British Journal of Dermatology raised concerns about DMAE's potential to damage skin cells. If you are using or considering topical DMAE, make sure you articles on DMAE safety.

23. ESSENTIAL OILS: Natural oils extracted from plants. Orange Oil (Neroli), oil of Kumquat,

24. ETHYLHEXYLGLYCERIN, Included in: YogEssence Peppermint Exfoliating Bead Cleanser

Natural skin conditioner and deodorizer.. This is a natural preservative, used as an alternative to parabens product Also used as a deodorizer and skin conditioner. Preservative derived from natural glycerin. It is an emollient solvent with antimicrobial activity, Also Known As: 3-(2-ethylhexyloxy)propane-1,2-diol; octoxyglycerin

Key Diseases for which ethylhexylglycerin is Relevant: Allergic Contact Dermatitis
ETHYLHEXYLGLYCERIN has reported used in the following product types: facial moisturizer/treatment (85); anti-aging (63); moisturizer (52); sunscreen spf 15 and above (37); lip gloss (36); facial cleanser (29); body wash/cleanser (28); antiperspirant/deodorant (24); shampoo (24); conditioner (24)

25. GLYCOLIC (ALPHA HYDROXY) ACID Derived from fruit or plants

Glycolic Acid is an alpha hydroxy acid isolated from natural plant sources; used to reduce wrinkles, acne scarring, hyperpigmentation and improve many other skin conditions. It has been proven to clear Acne, smooth out Age Thickened Skin! A natural occurring compound, it is a member of the chemical family referred to as: ALPHA.
Glycolic Acid is the most active and beneficial of the Alpha-Hydroxy-Acids (AHA) in skin care and is made from sugar canes. It is the only AHA which is able to penetrate through the cell walls by virtue of its small molecular size. Once inside the cell, it will trigger new formation of collagen and turn on the synthesis of dermal glycosaminoglycans to plump up the cell and the ground substances in the skin to reduce wrinkles on the skins surface.
Glycolic Acid also affects the newly forming keratin cells at the bottom of the stratum corneum causing the bulk of the stratum corneum to lift off and separate from the underlying skin. This gives the skin a much smoother look and feel.
Glycolic Acid has been proven to be very effective in the treatment of acne as well as the cosmetic benefits one receives.

• The Benefits of glycolic acid make it one of the most effective substances for many skin conditions:
   
  Acne
• White-heads
• Blackheads
• Pustules
• Bumps
• Psoriasis
• Eczema
• Dry skin
• Age spots
• Seborrheic keratosis
• Pre-cancerous growths
• Hyperkeratosis
• Actinic keratosis

Glycolic Acids used in combination with MSM, Colostrum and Vitamins (especially vitamin C) will greatly enhance the positive effects from Glycolic Acid treatments. Glycolic Acid and Vitamin C triggers the formation of collagen while MSM, Colostrum and Vitamins feeds the formation and prevents cross-linking between cells when new collagen is being formed.  Glycolic Acid speeds up the skin renewal process.
Industrial uses for glycolic acid include rust removal and degreasing, so pure glycolic acid (generally sold in concentrations of 70% or better) is extremely dangerous to exposed skin. In fact, the government considers any product with a concentration of glycolic acid over 10% to be a hazardous material.
Most consumers know glycolic acid not from its industrial uses, but from its cosmetic ones. Glycolic acid is generally used as a natural skin exfoliant and moisturizer, although there is much debate over its safety and effectiveness. Some proponents of glycolic acid suggest that products with a glycolic acid concentrations of less than 10% are practically useless. The problem is that many large-scale cosmetic producers will not increase the glycolic acid levels for fear of liability and class action lawsuits. Some smaller cosmetics companies with high-end clients do offer products with at least a 10% glycolic acid concentration.
Glycolic acid works as an exfoliating agent because of its high acidity but easy solubility. When placed on the skin as part of an exfoliating cream or gel, glycolic acid goes under the damaged upper layers of skin and destroys the 'glue' which holds dead skin to the surface. As this dead skin is chemically burned off, the other ingredients carry the individual flakes away and a water rinse neutralizes the remaining acid. The result is a much-smoother skin surface and a more youthful appearance. A secondary benefit is glycolic acid's ability to draw moisturizers into the newly-exfoliated skin surface. This is why cosmetic counters often sell a complete system of skin care; the rest of the alpha-hydroxy line contains moisturizers and neutralizers to counteract the corrosive actions of glycolic acid.
Cosmetic exfoliants and moisturizers containing glycolic acid may leave the user's skin especially sensitive to the sun, so many skin care experts recommend using a sunscreen after exfoliating with glycolic acid. If a 10% concentration of glycolic acid can cause concern over skin damage, another use may be even more controversial. Some customers seeking a more complete exfoliation may opt for a chemical peel. In general, a chemical peel involves a careful scrubbing of the skin followed by an application of a powerful AHA such as glycolic acid. Concentration levels of glycolic acid in chemical peels can be as high as 50% or more. Even industrial suppliers of glycolic acid limit their concentration to 70%, so this is indeed a very powerful chemical process and should be performed only by a board certified Dermatologist or Plastic Surgeon.
Quite often after a chemical peel, a patient's skin will look as if it were extremely sunburned. Several days of recovery are often necessary for a complete recovery from a glycolic acid peel. Proponents of glycolic acid say that the process may appear dangerous or unsightly, but the results are worth the temporary discomfort.
Whether or not glycolic acid is the miracle ingredient in a cosmetic Fountain of Youth, there can be no doubt that it is effective when used correctly and in the proper concentration level for an individual's exfoliating and moisturizing needs. As with any other acid, proper attention must be given to storage and access. Young children could experience severe skin rashes or internal problems if the products are improperly applied or ingested.

26. GRAPE SEED OIL (VITIS VINIFERA): Included in YogEssence Skin Care
Powerful antioxidant that exhibits some wound healing properties. It is a vegetable oil pressed from the seeds of various varieties of Vitis vinifera grapes, an abundant by-product of winemaking. Grape seed oil is used for: salad dressings, marinades, deep frying, flavored oils, baking, massage oil, sunburn repair lotion, hair products, body hygiene creams, lip balm and hand creams. Most grape seed oil is produced in Italy, with other producing nations including France, Spain, and Argentina.[ Although known to Europeans for centuries, grape seed oil was not produced or used on a large scale until the 20th century, largely because grape seeds contain a lower percentage of oil as compared to other oil-producing seeds, nuts, or beans.

27. GREEN TEA, (CARNERIA SINEROSA) Included in: YogEssence Tinted Sunblock

For those who have problem skin conditions such as acne, green tea has shown to be helpful since it has antibacterial properties.
Green tea is made from unfermented leaves and reportedly contains the highest concentration of powerful antioxidants called polyphenols. Antioxidants are substances that scavenge free radicals -- damaging compounds in the body that alter cells, tamper with DNA (genetic material), and even cause cell death. Free radicals occur naturally in the body, but environmental toxins (including ultraviolet rays from the sun, radiation, cigarette smoke, and air pollution) also give rise to these damaging particles. Scientists believe that free radicals contribute to the aging process as well as the development of a number of health problems including cancer and heart disease. Antioxidants such as polyphenols in green tea can neutralize free radicals and may reduce or even help prevent some of the damage they cause.

28. HOMO POLYMER A polymer (from Greek πολύ-ς /po΄li-s/ much, many and μέρος /΄meros/ part) is a large molecule (macromolecule) composed of repeating structural units typically connected by covalent chemical bonds. They are compounds formed from subunits that are the same, such as a carbohydrate composed of a series of glucose units.

29. HYALURONIC ACID Included in: YogEssence All-in-One Cream
A natural wonder substance found in great abundance in young skin, synovial fluid and other tissues in humans and animals. Over time, oxy radicals, produced mostly through exposure to pollutants and sunlight, degrade and destroy hyaluronic acid. The unique properties of Hyaluronic Acid make it the ideal moisturizer. Hyaluronic Acid plays an important role in tissue hydration, lubrication and cellular function, and is able to hold more 1,000 times its weight in water - more than any other natural substance. Its unmatched hydrating properties result in increased smoothness, softening and decreased wrinkles.
Hyaluronic acid (also known as a glycosaminoglycan) is often touted for its ability to "reverse" or stop aging. In news reports, you might have heard of hyaluronic acid as the "key to the fountain of youth." This is because the substance occurs naturally (and quite abundantly) in humans and animals, and is found in young skin, other tissues, and joint fluid. Hyaluronic acid is a component of the body's connective tissues, and is known to cushion and lubricate. As you age, however, the forces of nature destroy hyaluronic acid. Diet and smoking can also affect your body's level of hyaluronic acid over time. Skin care products with hyaluronic acid are most frequently used to treat wrinkled skin.

30. HYDROGENATED CASTOR OIL:
PEG-30 Castor Oil, PEG-33 Castor Oil, PEG-35 Castor Oil, PEG-36 Castor Oil and PEG-40 Castor Oil are polyethylene glycol derivatives of castor oil.

31. IRON OXIDE (CARAMEL):  Included in YogEssence Tinted Sunblock
Iron oxides are chemical compounds composed of iron and oxygen. Altogether, there are sixteen known iron oxides and oxyhydroxides.
Iron oxides yield pigments (see iron oxide pigments). Natural iron oxides pigments are called ochres.
Iron pigments are also widely used in the cosmetic field. They are considered to be nontoxic, moisture resistant, and nonbleeding. Iron oxides graded safe for cosmetic use are produced synthetically in order to avoid the inclusion of ferrous or ferric oxides, and impurities normally found in naturally occurring iron oxides. Typically, the iron(II) oxide pigment is black, while the iron(III) oxide is red or rust-colored. (Iron compounds other than oxides can have other colors.)
At YogEssence, we use Cosmetic grade iron oxides - heavy metals have been removed. Iron Oxide - seen on the label as yellow iron oxide, iron oxide pearl powder, black iron oxide, or brown iron oxide, it is also bio-accumlative and there is little data known about its safety. It has not been assessed for safety, and it has been approved by the FDA as a color additive in cosmetics.
As bad as these may sound, the truth is they are probably nowhere near as harmful as the usual ingredients in cosmetics many of which are known to be highly toxic. Also, several mineral make-up products contain far less of the other harmful ingredients. They are frequently sold without dyes, fragrances, preservatives or mineral oil, and reported allergic reactions are rare.
The only real drawback is that they tend to be a little heavy and cakey, so it's best to apply a shielding lotion beforehand. The shielding lotion will make them a little lighter, and help them blend better on the face.

32. ISOALKYLSUCCINYL SOY PROTEIN SULFONATE: Vegetable derivative based from Soy.
These products are used for sebum control for sticky oily buildup.  Based on a long chain natural heteropolymer made on a protein backbone where the side chain groups have been have been graft polymerized with lipophilic, lipid like material. These biopolymers are essentially a group of low weight classical surfectants bonded together As there are several hundred lipid groups per molecule, the polymers have a great affinity for oil, but cannot penetrate beyond the oil beyond the surface due to polymeric backbone. Once attached to the oil surface they are permanently in place there as they form a highly cohesive film over the surface of the oil. When incorporated into cosmetic formulations they will act to control the flow of natural skin lipids over the surface of the skin reducing the oil feel and leaving the skin feeling more natural.

33. ISOPROPYL PALMITATE:  Made from palmitic acid from coconut or palm oil. Used to impart silkiness to the skin Isopropyl Palmitate is used in cosmetics as a thickening agent and emollient, emulsifier and texturizer anti-static.  Plant-derived non-oily water soluble emollient..

34. JOJOBA-GOLDEN OIL (BUXUS SINENSIS)
Plant-derived non-oily water soluble emollient. Jojoba oil (From bean of desert plant) soothes, moisturizes and softens.

35. JUNIPER (Plant extract and essential oil) Cleansing and stimulating Kaolin (Fine, natural clay from Mt.  There are a number of ingredients derived from four species of juniper that may be used in cosmetic and personal care products. These include Juniperus Communis Fruit Extract, Juniperus Oxycedrus Fruit Extract, Juniperus Oxycedrus Wood Tar, Juniperus Phoenicea Gum Extract and Juniperus Virginiana Wood Extract. The Juniper-derived ingredients are used in the formulation of makeup products such as lipsticks, foundations, mascara, blushers, and face powders, as well as some skin care products. Juniperus Oxycedrus Wood Tar is used in the formulation of shampoos and other hair care products
External analgesic - Juniperus Oxycedrus Wood Tar
Hair conditioning agent - Juniperus Oxycedrus Wood Tar
Skin conditioning agent - miscellaneous - Juniperus Communis Fruit Extract

36. LACTIC ACID: (Alpha Hydroxy Acid derived from milk) Included in YogEssence Skin Care
Lactic acid is an alpha hydroxy acid used in rejuvenation products and is considered to be a gentle yet very effective anti-aging treatment. It's a standard ingredient in natural skin care recipes.
Lactic acid also has one of the oldest histories as a skin care treatment that literally spans centuries!
Derived from milk, lactic acid is well known for not only its skin hydrating properties but as one of the gentler AHA exfoliants
Dating back to the ancient beauties such as Cleopatra, who legend has it, luxuriated in milk baths filled with rose petals.
That's right, milk (goat's milk in fact) was in actuality an ancient lactic acid spa treatment
Typically found as an active anti-aging ingredient in moisturizing treatments, lactic acid is noted for its rich moisturizing attributes and its ability to exfoliate dead skin cells without provoking skin irritation.
Lactic acid skin care is well documented as an effective anti-aging treatment. Now lactic acid is considered a staple as a specialty spa treatment for skin rejuvenation as well as used in the stronger anti-aging skin peels performed in skin care clinics.
Sharing the similar skin rejuvenation traits of glycolic acid, lactic acid skin care is known for:
diminishing fine lines and wrinkles reducing the appearance of age spots reducing hyperpigmentation improving skin texture stimulating collagen production
Lactic acid also presents the added benefit as a skin softening agent which makes it an excellent option for sensitive skin types.
Lactic acid treatments tend not to irritate the skin as much as other AHA treatments; namely glycolic acid. It is a favored ingredient in natural organic skin care recipes.

37. L-CARNITINE:  Included in: YogEssence All-in-One Cream
Both Acetyl L-Carnitine and L-Carnitine Fumarate are closely related to amino acids, and generally function as amino acids, but strictly speaking are ammonium compounds derived from the amino acid Lysine. These Carnitines are used by the body to transport long chain fatty acids to the mitochondria in your cells, where they are burned for energy.14,34,35 Since this fat burning is such a major source of muscular energy, deficiencies in either compound may be manifested as low energy levels and muscular weakness. Acetyl-L-Carnitine deficiencies can also appear as mental confusion or cloudiness. Research recently published in the online journal Clinical Nutrition indicates that l-Carnitine and alpha lipoic acid reduce age-related oxidative stress and increase energy production.

38. LAURETH-7 included in Yogessence Natural Skin Care
Emulsifier and surfactant. The Laureth ingredients (Laureth-1, Laureth-2, Laureth-3, Laureth-5, Laureth-6, Laureth-7, Laureth-8, Laureth-9, Laureth-10, Laureth-11, Laureth-12, Laureth-13, Laureth-14, Laureth-15, Laureth-16, Laureth-20, Laureth-21, Laureth-25, Laureth-30, Laureth-38, Laureth-40, Laureth-50) are polyoxyethers of lauryl alcohol. The number in the name indicates the average number of units of ethylene oxide in the molecule. In cosmetics and personal care products, the Laureth ingredients are used in the formulation of a variety of bath, eye, facial, hair, cleansing and sunscreen products. They are also used in cuticle softeners, deodorants and moisturizing products.
The Laureth ingredients are produced by reacting ethylene oxide with lauryl alcohol. The numerical designation refers to the average number of repeating ethylene oxide units in the molecule. As the numerical value of Laureths increases, the viscosity of the ingredient increases until they become white, waxy solids.

39. MICROCRYSTALLINE WAX
 Mineral wax consisting of hydrocarbons structured as fine crystals, derived from residium. Off-white chunks, odorless. Insoluble in water, soluble in warm alcohol, oils & other melted waxes. Melting Point: 63-68oC (145-155oF). CAS# 63231-60-7.
Wax with ability to bind oils & solvents (prevent sweating of lipsticks), crystals insure high tensile strength & consistency (more malleable than paraffin), insures color uniformity in color cosmetics, compatible with all kinds of oils & waxes.
Used in all kinds of stick cosmetics (lipstick, lip balm, concealers, deodorants), emulsions (creams, lotions), and various other cosmetics.

40. NEROLI (Orange Flower)
Orange Flower Neroli oil Included in: YogEssence All-In-One Cream is a plant oil similar in scent to Bergamot produced from the blossom of the bitter orange tree (Citrus aurantium var. amara or Bigaradia).
The blossoms are gathered, usually by hand, in late April to early May. The oil is produced by water distillation, as the blossom is too fragile to endure steam distillation.
By the end of the 17th century, Anne Marie Orsini, duchess of Bracciano and princess of Nerola, introduced the essence of bitter orange tree as a fashionable fragrance by using it to perfume her gloves and her bath. Since then, the name of Neroli has been used to describe this essence. Neroli has a refreshing and distinctive, spicy aroma with sweet and flowery notes. It is one of the most widely used floral oils in perfumery. It is a non-toxic, non-irritant, non-sensitizing, non-photo-toxic substance. More than 12% of all modern quality perfumes use Neroli as their principal ingredient. It blends well with any citrus oil, various floral absolutes, and most of the synthetic components available on the market. Neroli oil is a classic element in fragrance design and one of the most commonly used in the industry. It is also used in flavors (alimentary) where it has a limited use. Neroli oil is also one of the key flavoring ingredients of some Cola beverage recipes, such as OpenCola.
As an essential oil, used in aromatherapy and massage, Neroli is considered to have a soothing effect on the nervous system. Traditionally, neroli oil was used not only to relieve tension and anxiety, but also in increase circulation and heal thread vein scars. A solution is made by adding three or four drops of the essential oil to one cup of either sweet almond oil or wheat germ oil. The oil is then fixed by adding grapefruit seed extract, but if the solution is to be used on children or pregnant women, only half the quantity of essential oil should be used

41. OCTINOXATE 7%: Chemical UVB sunscreen/sunblock: octyl methoxycinnamate
Excellent UV absorption capability; helps prevent sun damage to the skin.  It is insoluble in water, making it ideal for waterproof products. OXTINOXATE is a chemical sunscreen ingredient that blocks UVB rays and some UVA rays but would not be a good UVA blocker by itself. It is often combined with zinc oxide to offer a higher SPF without using a lot of the zinc oxide. Texture wise this allows a sunscreen to be thinner and not as whitening as one with only zinc oxide. Protection wise you have to be careful with sunscreens that combine octinoxate and zinc oxide as they do not offer as much UVA protection as zinc oxide alone. Many of the sunscreens contain octinoxate and zinc oxide.  There is no evidence that Octinoxate irritates the skin but if you are going to be in the sun a lot make sure your sunscreens will offer adequate UVA protection.

42. OCTYL METHOXYCINNAMATE is an oil soluble chemical sunscreen agent that absorbs UVB radiation. It does not protect against UVA. It is the most widely used UVB blocking agent in the skin care industry.

43. OXYBENZONE 3%
Benzophenone ingredients absorb and dissipate UV radiation, which serves to protect cosmetics and personal care products. As part of sunscreen products, which are OTC drugs in the United States, Benzophenone-3 (Oxybenzone) and Benzophenone-4 (Sulisobenzone) protect the skin from the harmful effects of the sun. Exposing unprotected skin to UV light (primarily in the UV-B range) can result in sunburn and can promote premature aging of the skin and skin cancer.

44. OCTYL STEARATE Derived from cascarilla bark and other natural items; provides a barrier between skin and the elements; softens and smoothes the skin. Used in cosmetics as a thickening agent and emollient

45. OIL OF KUMQUAT: An essential oil.. Included in Yogessence Natural Skin Care

46. OLIVE OIL: Natural skin moisturizer. Included in Yogessence Natural Skin Care

47. OLIVE OIL CASTILE Natural skin moisturizer. Included in YogEssence Peppermint Exfoliating Cleanser
Castile soap is reported to have originated in the Kingdom of Castile, where it was made from olive oil only; is a name used in English-speaking countries for soap made exclusively from vegetable oil (as opposed to animal fat), although many soap making authorities hold that to be "Castile" soap it must be made exclusively or predominantly from olive oil. Examples of other oils that dissenting authorities hold can be used in castile soaps include coconut, almond, hemp, and jojoba. Castile soap is also sometimes called Seafarer's soap because of its broad range of uses.
The olive oil makes for a rich luxurious soap mix but with much less lather.  It is widely believed that formulations that contain heavy lather usually dry out the skin.

48. OXIDO REDUCTASES, Hydrolyzed Rice Bran Protein, Glycine Soya Protein
Oxido Reductases is a Free radical scavenger, neutralizing free radical molecules in the skin that can lead to collagen/elastin damage. Cosmetic Benefits of Hydrolyzed Rice Bran Protein, Glycine Soya Protein, Oxido Reductases: An active ingredient that reduces dark circles and puffiness around the eyes.
It improves micro-circulation, strengthens native collagen and elastin matrix, and reduces the presence of free radicals to delay the visible signs of premature aging.
Exerts a positive localized effect on the hemodynamic properties of the blood to improve oxygen supply to the tissue.
The complex inhibits elastase and collagenases, thereby reducing the effects of chronic UV radiation on the connective tissue, to help the skin retain its natural texture.

49.  PALMITOYL OLIGOPEPTIDE
A new amino-peptide (five amino acids linked together and attached to a fatty acid) that when added to a culture of fibroblasts (connective tissue cells), stimulates production of collagen, elastin and glucosaminoglycans.

50. PEPPERMINT OIL   Included in: YogEssence Peppermint Exfoliating Bead Cleanser,
Peppermint is sometimes regarded as 'the world's oldest medicine', with archaeological evidence placing its use at least as far back as ten thousand years ago.
Peppermint can also be found in some shampoos and soaps and skin care products, which give the hair a minty scent and produce a cooling sensation on the skin.
Peppermint has a high menthol content, and is often used as a flavouring in tea, ice cream, confectionery, chewing gum, and toothpaste. The oil also contains menthone and menthyl esters, particularly menthyl acetate.  It is the oldest and most popular flavour of mint-flavoured confectionery.
In 2007, Italian investigators reported that 75% of the patients in their study who took peppermint oil capsules for four weeks had a major reduction in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms, compared with just 38% of those who took a placebo. Similarly, some poorly designed earlier trials found that peppermint oil has the ability to reduce colicky abdominal pain due to IBS with an NNT (number needed to treat) around 3.1 but the oil is an irritant to the stomach in the quantity required and therefore needs wrapping for delayed release in the intestine. Peppermint relaxes the gastro-esophageal sphincter, thus promoting belching. Peppermint flowers are large nectar producers and honey bees as well as other nectar harvesting organisms forage them heavily. A mild, pleasant varietal honey can be produced if there is a sufficient area of plants.  Peppermint oil is used by commercial pesticide applicators, in the EcoSmart Technologies line of products, as a natural insecticide.
 
51. PERFLUORODECALIN: 
Commercially, perfluorodecalin is manufactured by fluorination with cobalt(III) fluoride (the Fowler process). The preferred starting material is tetralin, having fewer hydrogens than decalin itself (and so requiring less fluorine), and a liquid, unlike naphthalene (so readily handled). For most applications, several steps of purification are required after reaction. As a development of the medical applications, perfluorodecalin is an ingredient in several cosmetic products, where its ability to dissolve oxygen is thought to revitalize skin, reducing wrinkles. The same effect has been used to grow cell cultures

52. POLYETHYLENE HOMOPOLYMERS Included in YogEssence Peppermint Exfoliating Cleanser,
Abrasive, Adhesive, Binder, Bulking Agent,  Emulsion Stabilizer, Film Former, Oral CareAgent,  Viscosity Increasing Agent - Nonaqueous.

53. RETINOL PALMITATE, Vit A: Included in YogEssence Skin Care
Retinol is a form of Vitamin A that plays an important role in anti-aging skin care. The purest and most
active form of Vitamin A, Retinol aids in the resurfacing and rejuvenating of skin, helping to impart a clearer, more vibrant complexion for all ages and skin types.
With more and more skin care companies including Retinol in their formulations, it is important to learn about this ingredient and its effects on the skin. Discover the wide array of Retinol-based products available, as well as answers to common questions regarding this skin care sensation.
Retinol is the whole vitamin A molecule, which can be broken down into thousands of smaller components, including "retinoic acid" (also called tretinoin, the active ingredient in Renova and Retin-A). Essentially retinol is just a fancy name for vitamin A; however, it is perhaps the most important vitamin for the appearance of the skin. It belongs to the family of chemical compounds known as retinoids and is one of the few substances with a small enough molecular structure to penetrate the outer layers of the skin and work to repair the lower layers where collagen and elastin reside. Retinol is vitamin A in its purest and most active form. It penetrates deep into the skin, where it becomes fully operative. Wrinkles and lines are gradually smoothed, moisture and elasticity increase, the complexion glows and damage is diminished.
The skin cells have a receptor site that is very accepting of retinoic acid. This relationship between retinoic acid and skin cells allows a type of communication in which the cell is encouraged to function normally and continue regular cell renewal- as opposed to the often misshapen and altered cells associated with the natural aging process. However, retinol cannot communicate with a cell until it has been broken down into retinoic acid.
Over the past couple of years, new, even more stable forms of retinol have been formulated, along with solid studies regarding their efficacy.
It now seems clears that retinol is a beneficial cell-communicating ingredient, as well as an antioxidant. In other words, it assists in creating stronger, healthier skin cells and increases the amount of skin-support substances.
To some degree, retinol has also been used in the management of acne and keratosis pilaris in topical creams. The increased skin exfoliation of vitamin A helps unclog pores. Retinol has also been shown to stimulate new collagen production, which is critical in the battle against aging. Thus it has become clear that retinol is a vital component of high quality skincare products, providing visible, long-lasting results.

54. RICE BRAN EXTRACT HYDROLYZED
Regulates melanin production and has been used in far eastern cultures for years to help brighten and lighten the complexion. Rice bran extract also contains lipoic acid, an antioxidant, and vitamin B5 (niacin) to help improve cellular circulation..

55. RICE PEPTIDES are a rice derived ingredient that protects the skin from collagen degrading effects of collagenase. This activity can help delay early skin aging characterized by wrinkle formation, reduced elasticity, skin dryness and age spots. Rice Peptides are an ideal component for anti-aging products and well suited for sun and environmental stress protection formulations.

56. ROSEMARY EXTRACT
Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) is a woody, perennial herb with fragrant evergreen needle-like leaves. The fresh and dried leaves are used often in Mediterranean cuisine.
Plant derived (botanical) ingredients were among the very first cosmetics. Natural colorants, plant juices for soothing and protection from insect pests, and fragrant oils for imparting odor were all known and used in ancient times. Using plants as a source of cosmetic ingredients was the only way to produce products for cleaning, moisturizing, covering up blemishes and even treating minor skin conditions before our knowledge of science allowed the creation of new materials to improve on what nature offers.

Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) is a woody, perennial herb In cosmetics and personal care products, Rosemary-derived ingredients are used in the formulation of a wide variety of product types, including shampoos, shaving products, skin care products, suntan products, bath products, makeup, cleansing products, hair conditioners, permanent waves, shampoos and personal cleanliness products
Antimicrobial agent - Rosemary) Leaf Extract
Antioxidant (Rosemary) Flower Extract, Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Extract
Deodorant agent - (Rosemary) Flower Extract
Flavoring agent - (Rosemary) Leaf Powder
Fragrance ingredient - (Rosemary) Flower/Leaf/Stem Extract, Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Flower Wax, Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Oil, Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Extract, Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Water, Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Water
Skin conditioning agent - miscellaneous - (Rosemary) Flower Extract, Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Flower/Leaf/Stem Extract; (Rosemary) Leaf; Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Oil, Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Extract
Skin conditioning agent - occlusive - (Rosemary) Leaf Extract

57. ROSE HIP SEED OIL (Contains Vit. A)
Shown to act as a tissue regenerator, helping to prevent signs of aging, reduce scar tissue, and minimize wrinkles. Rose Hip Seed Oil is a pressed seed oil, extracted from the seeds of a rose bush (Rosa moschata or Rosa rubiginosa) which grows wild in the southern Andes. It is unique among vegetable oils in containing retinol (Vitamin A), and is also high in vitamin C. Rose hip seed oil is high in the essential fatty acids - linoleic acid or omega-6, and linolenic acid or omega-3. It is commonly used in skin care products. It is used for a variety of skin conditions, including dermatitis, acne and eczema, for mature and sun burnt skin as well as brittle nails and wrinkles. Most rose hip seed oil is produced in Chile and Argentina
Rosehip oil is also frequently used to heal scarring and diminish photoaging